Wednesday, December 5, 2012

In Our Mothers' House


Polacco, Patricia. In our mothers' house. New York: Philomel Books, 2009. 9780399250767

Plot Summary: In Our Mothers' House shares a story of two mothers who adopt three young children. The women invite the children into their loving home, and the children happily grow up into their diverse family setting. Eventually, the children grow up, get married, and become parents. The two mothers are caring, funny, and energetic even until their last days on earth.

Critical Analysis: In Our Mothers' House is a beautifully written story about a diverse family. The mothers, a homosexual couple, adopt three diverse children and share a wonderful life together. The story is set in an urban, culturally diverse neighborhood. While the main characters in the story are fully pleased with their family situation, there is one family in the neighborhood that objects to the marriage. This is the main conflict in this story, but it does not overshadow the story’s message. The illustrations, done with pen and marker, add life and excitement to the already beautifully written story. The main cultural marker in this story is the marriage between the two women. The story preaches love, acceptance, and the joy of diversity.

Reviews:
Booklist: The oldest of three adopted children recalls her childhood with mothers Marmee and Meema, as they raised their African American daughter, Asian American son, and Caucasian daughter in a lively, supportive neighborhood. Filled with recollections of family holidays, rituals, and special moments, each memory reveals loving insight. At a school mother-daughter tea, for instance, the mothers make their first ever appearance in dresses. The narrator recalls, “My heart still skips a beat when I think of the two of them trying so hard to please us.” Only a crabby neighbor keeps her children away from their family. Meema explains, “She’s afraid of what she cannot understand: she doesn’t understand us.” The energetic illustrations in pencil and marker, though perhaps not as well-rendered as in some previous works, teem with family activities and neighborhood festivity. Quieter moments radiate the love the mothers feel for their children and for each other. Similar in spirit to the author’s Chicken Sunday, this portrait of a loving family celebrates differences, too. Pair this with Arnold Adoff’s Black Is Brown Is Tan (2002), Toyomi Igus’ Two Mrs. Gibsons (1996), or Natasha Wing’s Jalapeno Bagels (1996) for portraits of family diversity.

Children’s Literature: The family “in our mothers’ house” is like many others, filled with love and fun, clearly seen in the smiling characters on the jacket. It is unusual only in that there are two mothers. The narrator is the eldest of three adopted children. She tells the story of her adoption and that of her brother Will and sister Millie. The children play, sing, and dance together, catch the flu, and celebrate holidays with the extended family. Only one neighbor seems to disapprove of the family at a big block party where all others are accepting. The children grow up, marry, have babies; their mothers die, but their hearts remain at the house where they found love. Polacco’s standard pencils and markers fill each double-page scene with active, naturalistic children and adults amid details of clothing, suburban environment, and household chaos. The illustrations make it apparent that the children are genetically different, ranging from African American and Asian American to Millie’s glowing red hair and pale skin. The genuine humane good feeling is only made richer by the contrasting nastiness of the neighbor. The lengthy text is a plea for the acceptance of one kind of the changing American family.

Kirkus: The placement of the title's possessive apostrophe here is no typo: Two mothers own this house, and they have filled it with lots of love. Unfortunately, while this ambitious picture book seeks to offer an inclusive vision of family, it ultimately comes up short. Meema and Marmee's eldest daughter offers a sweeping narrative about three children embraced by their loving, interracial, adoptive family and multicultural community, with their "mothers' house" at the center of it all. It is outside of this safe haven that the children face overt and neatly contained homophobia in the character of one bad apple, who declares, "I don't appreciate what you two are!" The distillation of hate into a single character undermines the reality of systematic oppression faced by same-sex couples; furthermore, the flash-forward narration depicting each child grown and married into heterosexual, monoracial unions ironically presents this family as an anomaly. There is a desperate need for books that present queer families as just another part of the American quilt, but this title, despite its obvious good intentions, doesn't do it.

Awards:
Rainbow List, 2010 ; American Library Association; United States

Connections: This book would make a great read aloud for older children. Children will learn to appreciate the diversity of families and the importance of loving their neighbors. 

Check out the following titles also about diverse families....
Alko, Selina. I'm your peanut butter big brother. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2009.
Bryan, Jennifer, and Danamarie Hosler.The different dragon. Ridley Park, PA: Two Lives Publ., 2006.
Parr, Todd. The family book. New York: Little, Brown, 2003. 


Ask Me No Questions


Budhos, Marina Tamar. Ask me no questions. New York: Atheneum Books for Young Readers, 2006. 9781416949206

Plot Summary: Nadira and her family vacations to America, let their visas expire, and planned to never return to Bangladesh. After September 11th, the family tries to relocate to Canada, but the father, Abba, is held in jail when the authorities learn about his expired visa. Nadira and her sister are forced to rejoin everyday life and pretend that their lives are completely normal. She learns to trust herself and her instincts and is able to help her father on his way to winning United States residency.

Critical Analysis: Ask Me No Questions by Marina Budhos is a compelling story about a family of illegal immigrants from Bangladesh. When the father ends up in jail for holding an expired visa, among other issues, Nadira and her sister must act as if nothing out of the ordinary is happening in their lives. With the danger of being deported at hand, the girls work together to help their father and his case. This story is set in New York City, one of the most multi-cultural parts of the United States. Even then, the family from Bangladesh still stands out immensely, especially following 9/11. This presents an obvious form of good vs. evil: the family vs. the US government. The characters, all non-terrorists, but, never-the-less illegal, are portrayed honestly, and easily become the protagonists in the story. They are not described stereotypically, as the author based the book on true events. Cultural markers in this story include clothing, including saris and shalwar kameezes; language; and cuisine, including luchis and spiced potatoes. Ask Me No Questions is moving, authentic, and full of cultural details. A great read for any young adult.

Reviews:
Booklist: What is it like to be an illegal alien in New York now? In a moving first-person, present-tense narrative, Nadira, 14, relates how her family left Bangladesh, came to the U. S. on a tourist visa, and stayed long after the visa expired ("Everyone does it. You buy a fake social security number for a few hundred dollars and then you can work."). Their illegal status is discovered, however, following 9/11, when immigration regulations are tightened. When the family hurriedly seeks asylum in Canada, they are turned back, and Nadira's father, Abba, is detained because his passport is no longer valid. The secrets are dramatic ("Go to school. Never let anyone know. Never."), and so are the family dynamics, especially Nadira's furious envy of her gifted older sister, Aisha. But Aisha breaks down, and Nadira must take over the struggle to get Abba out of detention and prevent the family's deportation. The teen voice is wonderfully immediate, revealing Nadira's mixed-up feelings as well as the diversity in her family and in the Muslim community. There's also a real drama that builds to a tense climax: Did Abba give funds to a political organization? Where has the money gone? Will Immigration hear his appeal? The answer is a surprise that grows organically from the family's story. Readers will feel the heartbreak, prejudice, kindness, and fear.

Kirkus: Illegal immigrant sisters learn a lot about themselves when their family faces deportation in this compelling contemporary drama. Immigrants from Bangladesh, Nadira, her older sister Aisha and their parents live in New York City with expired visas. Fourteen-year-old Nadira describes herself as "the slow-wit second-born" who follows Aisha, the family star who's on track for class valedictorian and a top-rate college. Everything changes when post-9/11 government crack-downs on Muslim immigrants push the family to seek asylum in Canada where they are turned away at the border and their father is arrested by U.S. immigration. The sisters return to New York living in constant fear of detection and trying to pretend everything is normal. As months pass, Aisha falls apart while Nadira uses her head in "a right way" to save her father and her family. Nadira's need for acceptance by her family neatly parallels the family's desire for acceptance in their adopted country. A perceptive peek into the lives of foreigners on the fringe.

VOYA: Fourteen-year-old Nadira, an illegal immigrant from Bangladesh, sits in the back seat of the car as her father drives her eighteen-year-old sister, Aisha, and her mother to the Canadian border to seek asylum. Having arrived in the United States pre-September 11 on tourist visas, they are now in gross violation of immigration laws and risk deportation. When Nadira's father is detained indefinitely, Nadira and Aisha return alone to New York to stay with relatives and continue with school. This book highlights the plights of illegal immigrants and makes a strong case for their contributions to America, while identifying discrimination in a post-September 11 society. Aisha is valedictorian of her school and has a bright future if her paperwork can be rectified. Nadira is able to bridge the Bangladeshi and American cultures and is the one who sees that her father's name is cleared. Budhos does a good job of writing about South Asian culture and its contrasts with mainstream American culture. A cornucopia of characters represents every stage of immigration and assimilation, from the newly arrived to the first generation. The plot is suspenseful enough to keep the reader interested while maintaining a high level of educational value. Teachers will find this novel very useful in the classroom.

Awards:
Best Children's Books of the Year, 2007 ; Bank Street College of Education; Outstanding Merit; United States
Booklist Book Review Stars , Dec. 15, 2005 ; American Library Association; United States
Booklist Editors' Choice: Books for Youth, 2006 ; Booklist Editor's Choice; United States
Capitol Choices, 2007 ; The Capitol Choices Committee; United States
Kirkus Best Children's Books, 2006 ; Kirkus; United States
New Beginnings: Life in a New land, 2008 ; Bank Street College of Education; United States
Notable Children's Books, 2007 ; ALSC American Library Association; United States
Notable Social Studies Trade Books for Young People, 2007 ; National Council for the Social Studies; United States
Senior High Core Collection, Seventeenth Edition, 2007 ; The H. W. Wilson Co.; United States
YALSA Best Books for Young Adults, 2007 ; American Library Association; United States
James Cook Book Award, 2007 Winner United States

Connections: This selection would make a great real aloud in a young adult classroom. Children will be encouraged to forgo passing judgment on their peers based on their ethnicity or race.

Check out the following titles also about cultural conflicts of immigrants…
Cofer, Judith Ortiz. Call me Maria: a novel. New York: Orchard Books, 2004.
Hobbs, Will. Crossing the wire. New York: HarperCollins, 2006.
Park, Linda Sue. A long walk to water: based on a true story : a novel. Boston: Clarion Books, 2010.
Roberto, Nelsa. Illegally blonde: a novel. Winnipeg: Great Plains Teen Fiction, 2010.



Rules


Lord, Cynthia. Rules. New York: Scholastic Press, 2006. 0439443830

Plot Summary: Twelve year old Catherine is embarrassed of her younger Brother David, who is autistic. She makes many rules for him, some to better David’s life, but most to ease her own embarrassment. Catherine meets a young boy, Jason, who is wheelchair bound, a a bond grows between them as she introduces him to new words. Throughout the story, Catherine learns many valuable lessons about herself, her brother, and life in general.

Critical Analysis: Rules by Cynthia Lord is a touching and painfully honest book. The main characters in the book include Catherine; Catherine’s brother, David, who is autistic; and Jason, bound to a wheelchair. Many cultural areas are covered in this book, specifically in the spectrum of special needs. Each character is honestly portrayed. The author does not leave out details of the children’s’ abilities to spare the reader the specifics. Catherine assigns rules to her younger brother David, including “Sometimes people laugh when they like you, but sometimes they laugh to hurt you” and “Keep your pants on in public.” The reader learns, through the assigned rules, that most are assigned to hinder Catherine from becoming embarrassed through her brother’s actions and behaviors. In this story, a variety of cultures are discussed, and the reader see the children interacting with children with different abilities, for better of for worse. Cultural markers in this story include, Jason’s use of word cards, and the descriptions of David and Jason’s habits, understandings and actions. The story is well-written, truthful, and told from the heart, as the author has had abundant experiences with children with special needs, including family members.

Reviews:
Booklist: No toys in the fish tank" is one of many rules that 12-year-old Catherine shares with her autistic younger brother, David, to help him understand his world. Lots of the rules are practical. Others are more subtle and shed light on issues in Catherine's own life. Torn between love for her brother and impatience with the responsibilities and embarrassment he brings, she strives to be on her parents' radar and to establish an identity of her own. At her brother's clinic, Catherine befriends a wheelchair-bound boy, Jason, who talks by pointing at word cards in a communication notebook. Her drawing skills and additional vocabulary cards--including "whatever" (which prompts Jason to roll his eyes at his mother)--enliven his speech. The details of autistic behavior are handled well, as are depictions of relationships: Catherine experiences some of the same unease with Jason that others do in the presence of her brother. In the end, Jason helps Catherine see that her rules may really be excuses, opening the way for her to look at things differently. A heartwarming first novel.

Kirkus: When 12-year-old Catherine is embarrassed by her autistic younger brother's behavior, her mother reassures her that "real friends understand." But Catherine is not convinced, and she is desperate to make a friend of the new girl next door. She doesn't like it when others laugh at David or ignore him; she writes down the rules so he will know what to do. Catherine is also uncomfortable about her growing friendship with 14-year-old Jason, a paraplegic. Jason uses a book of word cards to communicate, and Catherine enjoys making him new cards with more expressive words. Still, when he suggests that they go to a community-center dance, she refuses at first. Only when Jason sees through her excuse does she realize that her embarrassment is for herself. Catherine is an appealing and believable character, acutely self-conscious and torn between her love for her brother and her resentment of his special needs. Middle-grade readers will recognize her longing for acceptance and be intrigued by this exploration of dealing with differences.

Awards:
Buckeye Children's Book Award, 2008 Winner Grades 6-8 Ohio
Great Stone Face Award, 2008 Winner New Hampshire
John Newbery Medal, 2007 Honor Book United States
Kentucky Bluegrass Award, 2008 Winner Grade 6-8 Kentucky
Mitten Award, 2006 Winner Michigan
Schneider Family Book Award, 2007 Winner Middle School United States
Skipping Stones Honor Award, 2007 Winner Multicultural and International Awareness Books United States
Voice of Youth Award, 2009-2010 Third Place United States

Connections: Share this book with older children to help them learn how to appreciate their peers with special needs. This book would make a great read-aloud. Cooperate with a special needs classroom and pair each student with a “special needs” buddy.

Check out the following titles also about children with special needs….
Betancourt, Jeanne. My name is Brain Brian. New York: Scholastic, 1993.
Draper, Sharon M.. Out of my mind. New York: Atheneum Books for Young Readers, 2010.
Erskine, Kathryn. Mockingbird (Mok'ing-bûrd). New York: Philomel Books, 2010.
Gantos, Jack. Joey Pigza loses control. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2000.
Palacio, R. J.. Wonder. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012.